Dynamo-electric machine.



C. E. LORD.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

MPLIUATION FILED MAY 17, 1906.

Patented June 1, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET).

WITNESSES INVENTOR @fi-5M C. E. LORD.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 17, 190s` 923,673, Patented June 1, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. E. LORD.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17, 190s.

923,673. Patented June 1, 1909.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Fig. 'Z

INVENTOR Affi/ma GEARLES E. LQRD, (l1 NURWOOD, 01110, i'i

(IORPORATON OF NEW JERSEY.

foreros.

ssioNon/'iro ALLis-cnALMERs COMPANY, A'

Application filed Hay 1l,`l

but `all claims relating to suoli common features are in said co-pending ap licatiori.

(In the usual construction oA dynamoelectricimaoliines having inwardly extending iield poles, such as iiicloscd motors, the

parts are cooled by air drawn into the ends of the rotor cores and. forced outward through the circumferential uassageways against and v'around the ield coils, by the tan like action of the rotor. This system of ventilation has sometimes been iouiid inadequate to prevent a dangerous rise ol' teiiipe'rature iii certain psi-ts of 'the machines, suchv the field poles, through which, as tl i machines `are ordinarily constructed, 'the air can not circulate. urtherinore in h'L i 'spec-d ina-- chinos, the `air lowng outward through the pessageways of the rotor, and iinpliigii'irg against the field coils and. field polesrauses every disagreeable noise The object oi' my invention to so conystruct dynamo-electric machines, particuiariy of the -lnclosed type, and to so arrange the Ventilating passageways, that di )arts will be properly cooled and-thc noise due to the passage of air reduced to a minimum.

My invention consists in the dctcils oit construction, and in the combinations and f n'io-electrio machine of the iiicloscd motor type constructed according to my' invention; Fig. 2 isa transverse vertical section substantially along the irregular liiic oii l Fig. 1; ldig. 3 is a developed section tlirougli armature, reducing the density of the ,flux

i iii the inaiii laiiiinae at the periphery of the all thel ield polos showing the preleri'ed Lettere ?,eteiit atented .lune 1,1909.

Serial o. 817,281.

a field pole and trame of the machine shown in Fig. li; Fig. 6 is e development of the oles of the machine shown inligs. 4 and 5, s owing the means for.V directing the air through the passageways of the poles; and Fi 7 is an end view oi the casing showing the ocation of the air inlet openiiivs.

Referring now to the figures of the drawing, l have shown at 10 the frame of airinciosed motor of the railway type. M iiiventioii is not limited, however, to mac ines of this type. Mounted iii journal bearings 11 at the ends of the casing is a shaft 12, having an armature spider or sleeve 13 which is provided with radial ribs or arms 14. liiounted on the sleeve and held between end heads 15 sind 16 is e laminated core 17, i the lamin being arranged in grou s and spaced spart forming circumferentia ventilating passageways 18. The end-head 16 is held iii place by a nut 19 engaging teeth on the ring 2U integral with the ribs or arms 14. The sleeve 13 extends beyond the armature coro 17, this portion not being rovided with the ribs or arms 14. Mouiite on this extension of the armature sleeve is the coiiiinutatoi spider 2l having inwardly extending ribs 22 engaging the shaft. The commutotor bars 23 are secured to this spider in tho customary manner, lt is seen that the arihs passagcways 18 of [lic coro.

reference is nov.' had to the accoinpaiiy- 1 or ribs ol'.tlie armature sleeve or spider and ot' the coiiiiiiutator spider forni axial venti latiiig pessagoivays which are open at both i eiids or the machine, and which coinniuiiicate with the circuinl'erential Ventilating yliie core is also Q formed willi axial `air passageways 24 more 5 remote l'roiii the sliolit and also coiiiinunicating lwith the circumferential passageways 18.l Those axial passageways 24 are open at one cud of the machine oiilyhand, as will appear later, ioriii air outlet openings for the core.

ln order that air may not be forced outi `ward agaiiist'the field polos by the fan-like action ol" the rotor, l close all the circumfercntial openings at tho periphery o1 the core. i prefer to i-iiiploy for this purpose auxiliary y laminas of magnetic material 25, so that the vlicld iiux 'willbc evenly distributed along the means for directingair through the passages vention; Fig. 5 is an enlarged section through the heat due thereto;

, coils in pl ments ma 11n Figs. 1 and 7),

. them. In this case each seat ipass directly .from one end of the casing to the other through the s spaces between the A casing is core and hence reducing the iron losses vand rI`he coreis slotted in manner and is provided with s 26. The laminas 25 extend inwardly from the periphery only a short distance beyond'the armature coils, so that the air will circulate in the core as near to the coils as possible. The auxiliary laminae 25 are held in coils 26, an

the customar armature co1 wedges 27 employed to hold the ace. The usual se arating segbe employed within the core to assist the aminae 25 in holding `the group of main laminae apart.

` Mounted on the shaft at one "end of the a fan 28. The end of the casing is rovidedlwith .air inlet openings 29'f(shown which o enings are in this case shown above the sha t, so that water or snow will not readily enter the casing while l the 'car to which the motor is attached is in lmotion. The fan is separated from the motor `proper by a partition lprovided, near the outer wa ls o the casing, with a-number girth-openings 31 (shown in Figs. 1 and 7).

e armature core and field magnets will be exlained later.

Extending radiall inward v from the field frame 10 are the fie d magnets 32, 32h, 32C and "32d, each comprisinga laminated field pole l3 3and the field coils 34. The laminae of the cles are arranged in groups which are space apart in any desired manner forming parallel circumferential Ventilating passageways 35 at right angles to the axis of the machine. These passageways are closed at the inner ends of the 'poles by laminae ,36 of magnetic material. thecase'of the armature 'rovide a more even distribution of flux and ecrease the density ofthe flux and hence the -ironlosses in the main laminae of the cles. The coils 34 of the field magnets are eld between inner and outer coil-seats 37 and 38 which areso constructed that air can readily pass through consists of two parallel plates spaced apart by lugs. The coils are also divided into two sections spaced apart by a collar, frame, or se arator 39 similar in construction to the co1 seats.

In order that the air from the fan may not aces between the field ma ets I provide p arrange that most of the air that enters the field magnets is directed lroughthe passagewa e vfan to the outlet opening 40. ,y n the preferred form of my invention, barriers 41,' 42, 43 and 44 'are placed between the field magnets alternately :at op osite endsof the po es. These barriers osition mainlyl by the armature paths ofthe air currents through the The laminas 36, as in' ates or barriers so s in the field magt closely against the coils andare preferably secured to the casin-gs by screws 45.

The arrangement of the barriers is most clearly shown in Fig. 3. It is seen that barriers 41 and 43 are located between field magnets 32aand 32d and between field magnets 32b and 32c respectively at the ends of the magnets adjacent the fan 28, yand barriers 42 and 44 are located between field magnets 32@l and 32b and between field magnets 32c and 32l respectively at the opposite ends of the magnets. Located between the plates of the coil seats 37 and 38 and collar 39 in line with the barr'iers 41 are blocks 46 (see Fig. 3) which assist the plates in directing the air into the passageways of the pole ieces. The result of this construction is that air from the fan enters the s ace's between field magnets 32a and 32b an between field magnets 32c and 32d and, being prevented from passing directly through the spaces, enters the passageways in all the field magnets and after passing through the said passageways passes to tween field magnets 3521 and 32C, and then out of the casing by the outlet opening 40.

In Figs. 4, 5 and 6 I have shown a slight modification. As in the (preceding case, the field magnets are provide with coil seats 3'7 a .and 38a and an Intermediate separating frame 391, constructed to permit a circulation of air into the passageways of the oles. In this modification the air is directed) into the field magnets by plates 41 a, 42 a, .43 a, and 44a (shown most clearly in Fig. 6) which .are arranged at the ends of the magnets instead of between the magnets and each completely covers the ends and the space between two adjacent magnets. through the magnets in the same manner as in the construction first described. l

I have described my invention in connecthe spaces between iield magnets 32a and 32 d, and be- The air is ldirected* tion with a four pole machine, but it is evi.-` dent that it can be applied equally well to machines havlng any other number of poles.

When the armature 1s rotated, airis drawn into the casing at -the inlet openings 29 and passes to the outlet opening vat the o posite end of the casing through. all parts y of the machine. The air enters the armature or rotor at the axial openings adjacent the shaft, part passing along the shaft to the o posite end of the casing and'part entering t e circumferential passageways andeseaping through the axial openings 24 as indi-l cated by the arrows. A small portion ofthe air passes from one end of the machine to the other through the air gap as indicated, and

the remaining portion passes and as was described. Thus it is seen .that all parts are exposed to the .cooling air currents more completely than in the previous constructions' wlthout'any air being foiced through the' field-magnets as is indicated bythe arrows f '125 rndiallv outward from the armature or rotor in@r assavewa vs which are closed at the ends L 7 h b .l

resultii'ig` in a smaller temperature rise and an elimination of the disagreeable noise heretofore present at high speeds of rotation.

l't is evidentthat many changes can he made in the details of construction and the arrangements cf parts and air passageways without involving departure from the spirit and scope of my invent-ion.

What l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is :Vw

1. 1n a dynamo-electric machine, a frame, field poles extending inwardly therefrom,

. *l .said held poles having; parallel Ventilating passageways at right angles to the axis of machine, and means for closin` the passageways at the inner ends of the polesA ln dynamo-electric machine, a frame, :field poles extending; inwardlj,T therefrom, each of said poles having circuinferential parallel ventilating passagewavs, and strips of magnetic material for closing` the passageways at the inner ends of the poles.

3. in a dynaiiio-eleetric machine, a frame, laminated 'field poles extealing inwardl)7 theefrom, the laminze being; arrangel in groups forming Ventilating passageways, and means for closing the passagfwuays at the inner ends of the poles.

Li. ln a dynamo-electric iachine, a frame or casing, laminated field poles extending iiiwardid." therefrom, each 'the poles ha ring the laminarI arranged in groups forming ventilating passagewajfs, and laminated means for closing the passageways at the inner ends of the poles.

5. ln a dynamo-electric machine, casing,

laminated field poles secured thereto, said field )olcs having ven passage/ways closed at the inner ends of the poles, and field coils surrounding the poles.

6. ln a dynamo-electric machine, a field frame, field extending inwardlyr therefrom, said .field magnets comprising laminated field poles having parallel ventilating passageways between the lainirire, said passageways being closed at the ends of the poles, and field coils so arranged that said passageways communicate with the spaces between the 'lield magnets.

7. ln a dynamo-electric machine, a field casing', field magnets extending,` inwardly therefrom, said field-magnets liavinglaminated poles provided with pariillel ,'eiitilating passageways which comniuniciite with the spaces between the field magnets, means for forcingr air from one end of the machine to the other, and means associated with said iicld magnets for directing' air through the pass' jeways in the 'field magnets.

in a dynamo-electric machine, a licldeasing, Afield-niagnets enti-ziidini;` inwardly therefrom, said field magnets having laminated poles pioi'ided wit i parallel ventilatof the poles and which communicate with the spaces between the poles, means for forcing air through the casing, and means associated with the field magnets for directingr the air through the passageways in the field poles.

ln a dynamo-electric machine, a fieldcasing, field magnets extending inwardlv therefrom, said 'lield magnets having' laminated poles provided with parallel Ventilating' passagewavs between the lamina, means for forcing air through the casing, and barriers arranged between the field magnets in such a manner that air is directed through the passageways in the poles in passing' from one end of the casingr to the other.

10. In. a dynamo-electric machine, a field casing' having inwardly extending field magnets provided with VentilatingT passageways closed at the ends of the poles and which communicate with the spaces between the poles, and plates for closing the passageways between adjacent poles, the plates between adjacent pairs of poles being at opposite sides of the poles, and means for forcing air through the machine.

11. ln a4 dynamo-electric machine, a-casing provided with inwardly extending fieldmaejncts com rising laminated field poles and coils, eacn of said poles having parallel ventilating passageways between the lamin, said passagewaysv communicating with the spaces between the field magnets, plates for closing one end of each ofthe spaces between the field magnets, the plates beingl alternately arranged at opposite sides of the field magnets, and a fan at one end of the casingi for forcingr air into the spaces open toward the fan, through the passageways of all the field magnets and into the spaces between the poles open toward the opposite end of the machine. l

12. 1n a dynamo-electric machine, a rotor comprising a laminated core having parallel circumferential Ventilating passageways closed at the outer periphery of the core, said core having axial inlet and outlet passageways communicating with the circumferential passageways, one set of said axialv passageways being open at only .one end of the rotor. l

i3. 1n a dynamo-electric machine, a rotor comprising a core made up of groups of laininated magnetic materia spaced apart to forni parallel circumferential Ventilating passaggi/aways, vand means having a good magnetic conductivity for closing the passageways at the peri hery of the rotor, said core having axial in et and outlet passageways communicating with the circumferential passagoways.

14. ln a dynamo-electric machine, a rotor comprising a laminated core having circumferential Ventilating passageways, and means comprising laminated magnetic material for closing the circumferential passageways at the eriphery of the rotor, said core having axia passageways communicating with said circumferential passageways.

15. In a dynamo-electric machine, a rotor A Ways closed at the ends of the poles and comconsisting of groups of main laminee having certain inner and outer diameters, and groups of laminae having the same outer but a greater inner diameter than the main laminae, whereby circumferential Ventilating assageways, closed at the outer periphery of) the core, are formed.

16. In ,a dynamo-electric machine, a field frame, field-poles extending inwardly therefrom, saidpoles-having parallel Ventilating passagewa ys at right angles to the axis of the machine, coils on said poles, and a plurality of Ventilating collars on said poles having passageways communicating with the first named passageways.

17. In a dynamo-electric machine, a field frame, laminated field-poles extending inwardly therefrom, said field -poles having arallel Ventilating passagewa ys between thc aminae, field coils on said poles, and a plu- 2 rality of coil-seats having Ventilating passageways communicating with the passageways in the oles. l

18. n a dynamo-electric machine, a rotor? having circumferential .passageways closed at the eriphery thereof, a completely 4inclosing held casing or frame having air inlet and outlet openings, field poles extending inwardly from said casing, each of saidA field poles having parallel Ventilating passagemunicating with the sp aces between the poles, and a fan on the shaft at one end of the casing for forcing air through the passage- Ways of the rotor and through the passageways ofthe field poles. l

19. In a dynamo-electric machine, a laminated armature having' circumferential passageways closed at the; periphery of the core and axial passageways communicating therewith, an inclosing field casing or frame havinglaminatedfield poles extending inwardly therefrom, coils on said field poles, said poles having passageways in the poles communieating with the spaces between the poles, and means for forcing air through the passage- Ways in the armature and through the passa eways in the field poles:

n testimony whereof I affix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

l CHARLES E. LORD.

Y Witnesses:

l ARTHUR F. Kwis, "FRED J. KINsEY. 

